Print Preparation : Prepress – Planning And Design

Prepress activities include a wide variety of procedures within the print production process. Prepress procedures begin with the design of a project and conclude with platemaking. Over the years, each of prepress steps have undergone many changes in the way that they are accomplished.

Before desktop publishing, ideas were sketched on paper, thumbnails were created, and copy was handwritten. The typesetters would set the copy and output galleys of type for the proofreaders to check. After the corrections were made, copy was output with phototypesetters on resin coated (RC) paper. The columns of type were trimmed out, and using an adhesive, either wax, spray mount, or rubber cement, the strips were keylined onto layout boards (mechanicals) by page layout artists (or keyliners). Photo placement was either drawn in with a Rapidograph pen or Rubylith was placed in the position of the photo. Artwork, such as logos, were shot on a camera to create a stat that could be placed on the keyline. Color breaks were made using markers on tissue overlays. The keylines and photos were then shot on a process camera with film, using colored filters and contact halftone screens. The film was then sent to the stripping department, where it was stripped onto a flat, sometimes using imposition. The flat was then used to produce a plate that was placed on a press for printing the job. All of the prepress steps were time consuming and involved several people to complete the work.

Times have changed. Today, a print project is usually designed on a computer and typeset in a page layout program. Color or black and white images are created on a computer using various software programs unless a scanner is used to convert a photograph or artwork into a digital image, which can then be stored on a computer. The images stored on a computer are known as digital bitmap images, and can be color corrected or manipulated in any way. When an image is first being corrected or modified, it is viewed on a calibrated monitor. Viewing an image on a monitor is the first process of proofing and is called soft proofing, or monitor proofing. When the designer is pleased with the image, it is output to film and a scatter proof is made. The scatter proof is then checked for correct color densities in a viewing booth. The layout file (called a LW file meaning linework) and the photos (CT’s or Continuous Tones) are merged in the assembling process. From there, the file is sent to a RIP (Raster Image Processor) which translates the digital information into four halftone color separations (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black). The information is sent to either a digital proofer or to an imagesetter for film to be output in order to create an analog proof. After the proof has been approved, the film can then be stripped into flats that are used to generate the plates. In a direct-to-plate workflow, film is eliminated and the digital file is sent from the RIP directly to a platesetter. And, if a digital press is to be used for printing the job, the file can be sent directly to the press, eliminating the need for a plate.

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Marker USA Celsius Gore-Tex(R) Ski Pants – Waterproof (For Women) $289 CLOSEOUTS . A lower-bulk design than most ski pants, Marker USA’s Celsious ski pants provide the waterproof breathable protection of Gore-Tex(R) fabric technology that blocks out water but still lets perspiration escape. Adjustable waistband with snap front and zip fly Mesh-lined zip thigh vents Zip hand pockets Reinforced cuffs Integrated boot gaiters Rise: Natural waist Waterproof rating: 25,000mm Inseam: 31? Weight: 1 lb. 10 oz. Fabric: Polyester Lining: Smooth nylon; polyester fleece Care: Machine wash/dry Classic Fit Made in China Visit our Pant Fit Guide Available Colors: BLACK, WHITE. Sizes: 8, 10, 12, 14, 4, 6, 16.

Marker USA Classic Pants – Waterproof, Insulated (For Women) $159 CLOSEOUTS . Aptly named, Marker USA’s Classic pants have a simple, classic style that looks great with any ski jacket. Plus, the wind and waterproof breathable protection, low-bulk insulation and internal gaiters provide ample protection against harsh weather. Waterproof breathable membrane Fully seam-sealed construction Windproof Low-bulk insulation Powder Shield Connection connects pants to jacket for further snow protection Zip fly with double snap and hook-and-loop closure Two hand pockets with zip closure One vertical zip pocket on left thigh Two rear zip pockets Inner-thigh zips for ventilation Articulated knees for mobility Lower leg gussets with internal gaiter and grippy hem Cuff guards for added durability Straight leg Just below waist Ankle zips: 5" Inseam: 30" (based on size 10) Leg opening: 21" Weight: 1 lb. 13 oz. Fabric: Polyester Lining: Brushed polyester, smooth nylon Insulation: Polyester Care: Machine wash/dry Classic Fit Made in China Available Colors: BLACK, SNOW, MINERAL, PURPLE. Sizes: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16.

Marker USA Detach Bib Overalls – Waterproof, Insulated (For Men) $169 CLOSEOUTS . Perfect for shredding up the slopes or slinging snowballs in the backyard, these bib overalls from Marker USA have detachable suspenders to keep them up and secure along with wind and waterproof weather protection. Windproof and waterproof breathable Fully seam-sealed construction Durable Water Repellent (DWR) finish resists moisture and increases durability Insulated for warmth Touch-fasten tunnel belt for quick fit adjustments YKK(R) full-length leg zips Thigh vents Front and rear zip pockets Removable suspenders Leg zips: 32" Inseam: Short 31", Regular 32" (based on large) Weight: 2 lb. 4 oz. Fabric: Nylon Lining: Micropoly and nylon Insulation: Polyester Care: Machine wash/dry Made in China Available Colors: BLACK, SILVER. Sizes: S, M, L, XL, 2XL.

Marker USA Duke Ski Jacket – Insulated (For Little Boys) $159 CLOSEOUTS . Keep the little guy warm and looking his best this winter in Marker USA’s Duke ski jacket, made with low-bulk synthetic insulation, waterproof breathable and windproof membrane, and comfortable brushed body lining. Waterproof breathable and windproof protection Low-bulk synthetic insulation DWR treatment sheds moisture and protects against stains Critical seams sealed Attached hood Hidden clamps keep gloves secure Three pockets in front Zip handwarmer pockets Fabric: Polyester Lining: Brushed polyester, smooth nylon Insulation: Polyester Care: Machine wash, hang dry Made in China Available Colors: BLACK, GREEN. Sizes: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Marker USA Equipment Duffel Bag $80 CLOSEOUTS . Protect your ski boots and gear from dirt and grime with the Marker USA equipment duffel bag. High-density nylon keeps out parking-lot gravel and holds up to baggage carousel abuse. Constructed of high-density nylon with a water-resistant backing Zip end compartments each fit one ski boot Easy-access zip side compartment Detachable, ergonomic shoulder strap: Adjusts to 58andquot; Dimensions (LxWxD): 14x23x14andquot; Capacity: 4508 cu.in. Weight: 2 lb. 13 oz. Material: Nylon Made in China Visit our Luggage and Travel Guide Available Colors: CHARCOAL/BLACK.

Marker USA Fleece Zip Neck Top – 100 wt., Long Sleeve (For Women) $79 CLOSEOUTS . The Marker USA zip neck top is made of super plush 100 wt. performance fleece that feels amazing next to the skin and wicks moisture to keep you dry. Extremely soft performance fleece Flatlock stitching eliminates abrasion Long sleeves Zipper garage at neck for comfort Neck zip: 7-1_2" Length: 27" (based on medium) Weight: 8 oz. Fabric: Polyester Care: Machine wash/dry Classic Fit Made in China Available Colors: BLACK, SILVER. Sizes: S, M, L, XL.